Basics of Pharmacology Quiz

Naloxone is a medication used to treat opioid overdose. Opioid overdose results in apnea (cessation of breathing). Treating an opioid overdose is a time sensitive matter. What would be the ideal clinical route of administration of naloxone assuming all available equipment and supplies are in place?

NasalIntravenous (IV)Intramuscular (IM)Transdermal

You have a drug that is very rapidly metabolized but needs to be at a therapeutic plasma concentration for a prolonged period. Which of the following routes of administration could be useful? (choose all that apply)

select all that apply

IV BolusTransdermalSubcutaneousContinuous IV Infusion

Based on the characteristics described in each response, which drug would be most likely to be absorbed in the stomach?

Weak acid, size 0.18 kDaStrong acid, size 0.18 kDAWeak Acid, size 1.8 kDaStrong Acid, size 1.8 kDa

Which of the following drugs has a larger therapeutic index?

Drug A: TD50 = 700 mg; ED50 = 50 mg

Drug B: TD50 = 275 mg; ED50 = 50 mg

Drug ADrug B

Does a competitive antagonist reduce maximum response?

YesNo

Which of the following drugs follows zero-order kinetics?

Time (s)	Drug A Concentration (mmol/L)	Drug B Concentration (mmol/L)
0	10	10
5	5	5
10	0	2.5

Drug ADrug B

What is the half-life of drug B?

Time (s)	Drug A Concentration (mmol/L)	Drug B Concentration (mmol/L)
0	10	10
5	5	5
10	0	2.5

2.5 seconds5 seconds10 secondsYou cannot compute a half-life for the metabolism of drug B.

For the following drug, what would be the concentration of the drug at 10 minutes if the drug were to follow zero-order kinetics?

Time (minutes)	Drug Concentration (mmol/L)
0	10
5	5
10	?

0 mmol/L1.25 mmol/L2.5 mmol/L5 mmol/L

For the following drug, what would be the concentration of the drug at 10 minutes if the drug were to follow first-order kinetics?

Time (minutes)	Drug Concentration (mmol/L)
0	10
5	5
10	?

0 mmol/L1.25 mmol/L2.5 mmol/L5 mmol/L

10.

What determines the steady-state concentration of a drug administered by continuous infusion?

Loading doseRate of infusionDrug potencyTherapeutic Index

11.

A drug with which of the following properties would have the best bioavailability?

Large protein moleculeDrug that induces diarrheaDrug with high first-pass metabolismSmall lipophilic drug with sufficient polar groups to allow water solubility

12.

A 23 year-old presents after an overdose of salicylic acid (aspirin). What is one method of treatment that may be helpful in treating this overdose?

Acidifying the urine to prevent reabsorption in the renal tubules.Acidifying the urine to promote excretion in the renal tubules.Alkalinizing the urine to prevent reabsorption in the renal tubules.Alkalinizing the urine to promote excretion in the renal tubules.

13.

What would be the appropriate loading dose for a drug administered by IV infusion to a 100-kg person with a volume of distribution of the drug of 0.5 L/kg? The goal concentration of the drug is 5 mg/L

10 mg125 mg250 mg500 mg